minerals

A mineral is a naturally occurring solid chemical substance that is formed through geological processes and that has a characteristic chemical composition, a highly ordered atomic structure, and specific physical properties. By comparison, a rock is an aggregate of minerals and/or mineraloids and does not have a specific chemical composition. Minerals range in composition from pure elements and simple salts to very complex silicates with thousands of known forms. The study of minerals is called mineralogy.

samples

here are some samples

Turquoise is an opaque, blue-to-green mineral. It is rare and valuable in finer grades and has been prized as a gem and ornamental stone for thousands of years owing to its unique hue. In recent times, turquoise, like most other opaque gems, has been devalued by the introduction of treatments, imitations, and synthetics onto the market.

Onyx is a  form of quartz. The colors of its bands range from white to almost every color ( some shades, such as purple or blue). Commonly, specimens of onyx available contain bands of colors of white, tan, and brown.

Amethyst is a violet variety of quartz often used in jewelry a reference to the belief that the stone protected its owner from drunkenness the ancient Greeks and Romans wore amethyst and made drinking vessels of it in the belief that it would prevent intoxication

 

Sapphire is a gemstone variety of the mineral corundum it is usually blue. it has trace amounts of such elements such as iron and titanium.

Metamorphic Rocks

There are 3 rock groups. The first group is called Metamorphic rocks. They are made of other kinds of rocks. A rock changes if it is squeezed very very very hard. Rocks that are near magma can get very hot. but they don't melt it's not that hot. but the heat might change the minerals in the rocks. if the minerals change it becomes a Metamorphic rock.

Sedimentary Rocks

The second group is called a Sedimentary rock. They are from above the earth. they are made of sediments. They are bits of sand, pebbles or shells and bones. All together they form a Sedimentary rock.

Igneous Rocks

Finally the last group is the Igneous rocks. Igneous rocks are made deep inside the Earth, where it is so hot that rocks melt! melted rock is called magma. magma isn't solid. instead it is liquid. when magma cools it becomes rock. the cooled magma has become an Igneous rock.